Introduction
The
best way to trace the development of human resources management is to look at
it from the perspective of post 18th century industrial revolution
to the developments that have taken place today. Chimoga, (2014) a scholar that
the same view and highlights the development of people from the post-industrial
revolution and espouses scientific
management and its contribution and how it has evolved and progressed to human
resources management though out the ages from times when people were abused in
slave driven conditions to modern factory and work environments where people
are valued and respected and considered as strategic partners to the company.
To understand the evolution of human
resource management, it is important to first understand the definition of
human resources and human resource management processes. Human resources a term with which many
organizations describe as the combination of traditionally administrative
personnel functions with performance, employee relations and resource planning
Sharma (2009, p 17).
Human Resource Management (HRM) are practices are the policies and practices involved in carrying out the human resource aspects of managing position, including recruiting, screening, training, rewarding and appraising Dessler, (2005; p 4). The shorter meaning of HRM is the act of managing the process of recruitment and selection, compensation and benefits as well as employees safety and health in an organization. Haslinda (2009, P. 1).
Therefore, from the meanings suggested above, it is clear that changes in management practices come about as organizations seek new ways to increase efficiency and effectiveness.
Human Resource Management (HRM) are practices are the policies and practices involved in carrying out the human resource aspects of managing position, including recruiting, screening, training, rewarding and appraising Dessler, (2005; p 4). The shorter meaning of HRM is the act of managing the process of recruitment and selection, compensation and benefits as well as employees safety and health in an organization. Haslinda (2009, P. 1).
Therefore, from the meanings suggested above, it is clear that changes in management practices come about as organizations seek new ways to increase efficiency and effectiveness.
Origins
of Human Resource Management (HRM)
The origins of HRM can be traced back
to the 18th century in Western Europe and United States of America
with the advent of Industrial Revolution. Which laid the basis for a new and
complex industrial society. The period when the USA and Western Europe was
shifting from agricultural economy to an industrial economy.
In the historical context of HRM, the first two to be noted for classical management perspective began by Robert Owen, a British Industrial reformer and Charles Babbage an English Mathematician; they noted that workers were important resources in an organization and expressed concern for their personal welfare. Griffin Ricky (2007, pg 12).
Being a mathematician, Babbage emphasized the division of labour because this would bring about specialization of employees which would result in perfect work. The division of labour aspect had a drawback that if an employee is down, then the station of work would also be down.
In the historical context of HRM, the first two to be noted for classical management perspective began by Robert Owen, a British Industrial reformer and Charles Babbage an English Mathematician; they noted that workers were important resources in an organization and expressed concern for their personal welfare. Griffin Ricky (2007, pg 12).
Being a mathematician, Babbage emphasized the division of labour because this would bring about specialization of employees which would result in perfect work. The division of labour aspect had a drawback that if an employee is down, then the station of work would also be down.
References
1. Chimoga, I.M., (2014) The Evolution Of Human Resource Management. Creso
University, Zambia, 13 April 2014
2. Dessler,
Garry(2005), Human Resource Management, 10th ed. Pearson – Prentice
Hall, USA
3. Griffin Ricky (2007), Principles
of Management, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, USA
4. Haslinda
A, (2009), Evolving Terms of Human Reosurce Management and Development, A
Journal of International Social Research, Vol 2/9, University Putra, Malaysia.
(Reed, S, and Myra L (2010),
5. Employee and Labor Relation, Instructor’s Mannual – Evolution of Human Resource Management. 1800 Duke Street, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA. www.shrm.org/educatiob/hreducation accessed on 3rd April, 2018.
5. Employee and Labor Relation, Instructor’s Mannual – Evolution of Human Resource Management. 1800 Duke Street, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA. www.shrm.org/educatiob/hreducation accessed on 3rd April, 2018.
